城市是人类文明发展到一定程度时的产物。由于城市发展的地理环境、气候条件、民族习俗等的不同,城市本身就出现了发展的不同类型、不同特点。研究发现：东方城市多沿河而建,是奴隶制度及封建王权的所在地,奉行重农主义,而西方城市多沿海而建,呈一定程度的开放性和自由性——奉行重商主义。因而,中世纪后的西方,城市中易产生新的阶级,而东方城市中的臣民却受制于强大皇权的统治,无法形成社会进步的中坚力量。而西方城市的持续发展,最终导致了社会革命产生,推动了社会形态发生质的变化。
City is the product of the development of human civilization.The differences of the environment, climate,and custom of the development of a city directly lead to different types and characteristics.Research finds that eastern cities often establish along rivers,pursuing physiocracy,which are the concentration of slav-ery system and feudal monarchy;while western cities often establish along seas,pursuing mercantilism,which presents an open patent and freedom.Therefore,in western countries,after Middle Ages,new classes were eas-y to emerge in cities.While in eastern cities,residents were enslaved to imperial power,causing the failure of the emergence of nucleus.The continuing development of the western cities leads to the emergence of social revolution,which pushed forward the fundamental changes of social formation.
