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双语推荐：荷兰

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本文旨在分析哈代如何在《意中人》中借鉴17世纪荷兰画派进行文学创作。首先,看似"低俗生厌"的荷兰画派启发了小说的形式创造。哈代借用荷兰画派的手法和内涵融通了绘画与小说这两种不同艺术形式在再现现实主义思想上的一致性。其次,荷兰画派是《意中人》的想象来源之一。荷兰画派的意象、主题和类别被创造性地整合进《意中人》中,哈代借此表达了艺术取代上帝,以审美的态度应对人生的文学思想。
The paper attempts to approach how Thomas Hardy ended up his literary creativity by applying 17th Century’s Dutch Painting in the Well-Beloved.The seemingly low genre initially inspires the novel ’s for-mat by Hardy’ s employing painting methods and its implications to present the identity in realism between no-vel and art.Meanwhile, Dutch painting is one of the sources of novel ’s imagination.Its images, themes and classifications are creatively integrated into the novel for Hardy to convey his aesthetic attitude to life and liter -ary conception that art can displace god .

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以欧盟公司法为切入点，从近日荷兰公司法立法改革出发，讨论并分析荷兰公司法中有限责任公司规定三个方向的变化，并与我国现状和公司法立法进行比较，尝试找出荷兰公司法改革给我国的立法启示。
Based on the EU company law and the legislative reform of Dutch company, the changes in Dutch company law for company with limited liability are discussed. The differences between Dutch and Chinese company law from the perspective of legislation are studied to find the inspiration for Chinese company.

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对20世纪荷兰乡村景观的发展历程进行了回顾。土地开垦将荷兰部分自然景观转变成文化景观;20世纪,在不断出台的一系列的土地整理政策的指导下,荷兰的乡村景观开始发生演变,从丰产的景观,过渡到农业、休闲和自然保护平衡发展,再到注重＂新自然＂的创造这样一个动态发展过程。＂二战＂之后,乡村景观规划在乡村景观的重塑中扮演了重要作用,使得荷兰乡村景观表现出功能性、可读性和生态性的特征。20个国家景观区域的确立将保持荷兰的景观独特性。
This paper gives a brief review of the development process of Dutch rural landscape in 20th Century. Land reclamation converted some of the Dutch natural area into a cultural landscape. In the 20th century, a series of land consolidation acts re-organized this cultural landscape from the productive landscape to the balance development of agriculture, recreation and nature conservation, then to the creation of "new nature". After World War 2, rural landscape planning played an important role in the reshape of rural landscape in the landscape consolidation process, making the rural landscape reflect the characteristic of functionalism, legibility and ecological. The establishment of 20 National Landscapes wil maintain the uniqueness of the Dutch landscape.

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荷兰作为欧洲国家中人多地少、高密度发展的典型国家,和我国国情背景较为相似,但较之我国却拥有更为优质的乡村自然环境和农业产业化前景,并在乡村规划上具备悠久传统和卓越表现。基于荷兰乡村规划与城市规划两者间有着不同起源和关注焦点,通过系统梳理荷兰城乡规划体系中的乡村规划脉络,介绍了荷兰乡村地区规划的演变历程,并从土地整理与开发、空间规划这两大层面剖析荷兰乡村地区发展规划的理念流变,以期为中国乡村地区建设提供可资借鉴的经验。
The Netherlands is similar to China in terms of high density of population and construction, but this country has better rural environment and stronger agriculture industry, which is to a large extent due to its prominent and experienced rural planning. Considering that rural planning and urban planning had different origins and focuses in the Netherlands, this paper first gives a brief introduction to the Netherlands planning system and discusses the relationship between rural planning and urban planning in the Netherlands, and then the development of the Netherlands rural planning is introduced. The rural land consolidation, rural land development and spatial planning are discussed to analyze the evolution of the Netherlands planning philosophy. It is expected to provide some experience to the rural planning and rural construction in China.

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荷兰是人口老龄化先行的发达国家。本文对荷兰的人口老龄化过程和老年人口状况作了分析,介绍了荷兰养老保障、长期照护、老年住房保障政策发展与改革的基本情况和创新经验。结合我国当前和未来一个时期人口老龄化和老龄事业发展的实际和趋势,提出了可资借鉴的政策建议。
The Netherlands is one of the developed countries whose population aging ifrst appeared in the mid-1960s. This article ifrstly analyzes the population aging process and the elderly population situation in the Netherlands, then introduces the f undamental state and innovation experience on the policy development and reform in pension security, long-term care and the old age housing support, and ifnally puts forward some useful policy recommendations according to the current reality and the f uture development trend of population aging and the old age program.

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以从荷兰引种的高型万寿菊种子为试验材料,在扬州雅典娜园艺科技开发有限公司进行试验,通过穴盘育苗、移苗、定植、生长期的管理等栽培措施,荷兰万寿菊能正常出苗、生长、开花,顺利完成其生长周期.试验结果表明,荷兰万寿菊能适应扬州地区的环境条件,引种成功.
@@@@The high type marigold seed (Tagetes erecta L.),which is introduced from Holland in this research, was tested in Yangzhou Yadianna Horticulture Science and Technology Development Co Ltd. Through seedling propagation,transplanting and growth management,the marigold seed can germinate and grow well. The results show that the marigold seed can meet the environment of Yangzhou city in Jiangsu Province.

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基于1658年到1815年之间对斯里兰卡沿海地区的殖民占领,荷兰在斯里兰卡留下了深刻的文化印记,这主要体现在斯里兰卡的建筑风格、法律制度、语言因素等方面。可以说,殖民统治时期的荷兰文化在斯里兰卡得到了融合和发展,因而斯里兰卡的诸多社会层面至今仍存在着某些荷兰文化特征。
The Dutch culture left a deep colonial imprint on Sri Lanka''s coastal areas from 1658 to 1815. This imprint on the Sri Lankan culture was embodied in its language, legal system, language, etc. It can be said that the Dutch culture was integrated and developed during the colonial period in Sri Lanka. That is why the Dutch culture still influences many social aspects of Sri Lanka.

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通过阐述荷兰马铃薯品种，种薯生产过程中的检测、认证，以及认证制度的法律、标准等保障措施，了解荷兰马铃薯种业发展的先进性。比较中国和荷兰马铃薯种业状况，提出发展中国马铃薯产业的建议，指出中国马铃薯品种鉴定内容和审定程序要与市场接轨，规范种薯生产环境，建立种薯质量保障法律体系和检测认证制度。
Advantages of development of potato industry in Hol and was introduced via il ustration of potato variety, inspection and certification in seed production, and regulations and laws on certification. The present situation of potato industry in China and Hol and was compared and suggestions for development of potato industry of China were proposed, indicating that the content of variety identification and procedures of approval in China should comply with the market rules and seed production should be regulated. Moreover, the regulations on seed potato quality, inspection and certification system should be established.

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从国际学术理论研究来看,对自然资源与经济增长关系研究有两种主流研究范式即"荷兰病"研究范式和"资源诅咒"研究范式。从两种研究范式的比较中可以看出,在研究对象、研究内容、研究方法、研究价值取向等方面均存在着差异。从"资源诅咒"研究范式替代"荷兰病"研究范式的本质、研究结论和价值取向,以及从广大发展中国家发展实践和研究现状上看,"荷兰病"研究范式不会简单地被"资源诅咒"研究范式所替代,至少从发展中国家视角来看,"荷兰病"研究范式仍然还有重要的理论研究价值和经济实践意义。
From the view of international academic theoretical research , paradigm of research on the relationshipbetween natural resources and economic growth can be classified into Dutch Disease and Resource Curse .Differencesbetween them are in terms of research objectives, contents, methodology and value orientation.From the essence,conclusion and value orientation of the replacement of Dutch Disease with Resource Curse , the practice ofdevelopment in the developing countries and the current situation of related researches , we can see that the researchparadigm of Dutch Disease can not easily be replaced by Resource Curse ; at lease, from the view of developingcountries, the research paradigm of Dutch Disease is of great value of theoretical research and great economic prac -tical significance.

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分析荷兰《2011年能源报告》,可看出该国能源政策的要点是既要朝着低碳经济过渡,也要为保经济增长而适度使用燃煤和天然气;在巩固其在天然气领域产业优势的同时,积极开发新能源技术;通过市场竞争机制,保持荷兰在西北欧能源枢纽地位。通过以天然气、风能、太阳能和智能电网为例,凸现荷兰在这几个领域里的独到之处,借以说明该国能源政策的产业技术背景。
Based on the document of the Dutch government’s Energy Report 2011, the paper studies the energy policy of the Netherlands. The core of the policy is that:on one hand, the green energy is needed for transition to a low-carbon economy while on the other hand, coal and natural gas should be kept for use to ensure its economic growth;Netherlands should not only maintain its advantages in the natural gas industry, but also actively develop new renewable energy technologies;and by taking use of the market mechanism, the country will keep its energy hub status in Northwest Europe. The latter part of the paper summarizes Dutch technical strength in natural gas, wind energy, solar energy and smart grid, to tell the rationale of the Dutch energy policy.

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