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双语推荐：结缔组织

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目的：通过观察结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者的肝功能水平,探讨肝功能在结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压中的临床意义。方法：连续收集23例结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者的肝功能数据、肺动脉收缩压值,同时随机收集23例结缔组织病患者肝功能数据作为对照组。统计分析采用两独立样本t检验和χ^2检验。结果：结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者中肝功能异常者17例（73.91%）,较对照组（21.74%）显著升高（P〈0.001）;结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者中肝功能异常者,肺动脉收缩压较正常者升高（P〈0.05）;结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压患者中B型尿钠肽与γ-谷氨酰转肽酶显著相关（r=0.589,P〈0.05）。结论：结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压常伴肝功能异常,提示肝功能或可作为评估结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压病情的一种经济、无创和较可信的指标。
Objective:To observe the clinical significance of liver function in connective tissue disease-related pulmonary arterial hypertension.Methods:Successively collected data of liver function and values of pulmonary arterial systolic pressure of 23 cases with connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension.At the same time,randomly collected liver function data of 23 cases with connective tissue disease as the control group.A statistical analysis was made using two independent samples fort test andχ2 test.Results:17 cases among patients with connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension had liver dysfunction(73.91%),which was signiifcantly more(P< 0.001) than those in the control group(21.74%);their pulmonary artery systolic pressure was higher than that of the healthy ones(P< 0.05);B-type natriuretic peptide and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in them were significantly correlated(r = 0.589,P< 0.05).Conclusion:Connective tissue disease-rel

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肺动脉高压是结缔组织病患者最为严重的并发症之一，影响到最多达15%的结缔组织病患者，预后很差，已有证据显示在结缔组织病患者中早期发现肺动脉高压进而早期开始治疗能够改善患者的预后。除常用的超声心动图外，近年来已有一些生化标记物、肺功能检查及心电图指标等被发现有助于早期筛查肺动脉高压，也有一些联合多种参数的筛查流程问世。治疗方面肺动脉靶向药物包括内皮素受体拮抗剂、前列环素类似物以及磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂均被证实对于治疗结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压有效。本综述的目的是描述结缔组织病相关肺动脉高压的发病及临床特点、早期诊断及治疗，着重强调最新发表的一系列早期筛查方法以及已经被证实的治疗药物。
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) which can affect up to 15% of patients with connective tissue disease (CTD) is a severe complication of CTD and has a dramatic impact on prognosis and survival. Despite increasing recognition of PAH in CTD, the diagnosis is often delayed, which may lead to unfavorable outcomes in these patients. Recent evidence indicates that the earlier treatment is started in the course of disease, the better the prognosis. Therefore, early detection of PAH has become an important consideration in the optimal management of patients with CTD.Within recent years, more and more biomarkers such as N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), pulmonary function parameters such as forced vital capacity/diffuse capacity for carbon monoxide (FVC/DLCO) and electrocardiogram have been found to be useful for detecting PAH earlier, and some algorithms such as DETECT algorithm for early detection of PAH in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients have been develop

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目的：在传统结缔组织铺片基础上开展脂肪组织油红染色方法在医学本科生组织学实验教学中的应用。方法学生先进行疏松结缔组织铺片，并施行脂肪组织油红 o-甲苯胺兰-伊红三重染色，然后镜下观察。结果油红 o 染色把结缔组织中的脂肪细胞内脂滴保存下来并染上红色。脂肪组织中央的细胞脂滴均匀红染，充满胞浆，周边的脂肪细胞胞浆中油红染色很少，细胞呈空泡状，显示出脂肪细胞亚群存在。甲苯胺兰染色使得疏松结缔组织中肥大细胞染成紫红色，胞核染色浅，细胞数量多、成群分布。伊红可使得结缔组织内除脂肪细胞、肥大细胞意外的其他细胞的胞浆和胶原纤维染成淡红色。结论传统的组织学平铺片技术基础上引入脂肪油红 o-甲苯胺兰-伊红三重染色，可增强学生动手能力，并能很好地了解输送结缔组织中细胞的不同表型和分布，丰富组织学内容，把教学、科研连接一起，达到提高实验教学质量的目的。
Objective To establish a method to detect adipose tissue in the connective tissue for ex-perimental teaching of histology and embryology of medical undergraduates based on the traditional con-nective tissue spread .Methods After loose connective tissue spread adipose tissue was stained with oil red-toluidine blue-eosin triple staining ,and observed by the optic microscopy .Results The fat droplets in the adipose cells of the connective tissue with oil red staining represented red color .The adipose cells located in the center of adipose tissue evenly filled with red lipid droplets ,while the adipose cells located in the pe-riphery of adipose tissue demonstrated no fat droplets ,indicating different phenotypes of fat cells existed in adipose tissue .Toluidine blue staining demonstrated the clustered mast cells in the loose connective tis-sue in blue-colored cytoplasma ,and light nuclei .The other cells and collagen fibers in the connective tis-sue stained by eosin represented pink .Conc

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目的构建抗人结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）单链抗体（scFv）噬菌体展示文库。方法用重组人CTGF（rhCTGF）免疫balb／c小鼠，表达CTGF抗体后取小鼠脾脏获得B细胞，提取总RNA后反转录为cDNA，聚合酶链反应（PCR）获取重链可变区（vh）和轻链可变区（v1），vh和vl再次PCR装配为vl—linker．vh即scFv基因片段，并与噬菌粒PAKl00酶连接，形成含有抗结缔组织生长因子单链抗体基因的目的噬菌粒；电转化入大肠杆菌XLl-blue，加入辅助噬菌体扩增后，建立噬菌体展示库重组库。结果经过凝胶电泳及噬菌粒基因测序分析，证实成功构建了抗结缔组织生长因子单链抗体定向免疫库。结论成功的构建了抗结缔组织生长因子单链抗体库，为制备抗结缔组织生长因子单链抗体奠定基础。
Objective To construct single chain Fv (scFv) library of human connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) by assembling the gene from immunized mice to phagemid PAK100.Methods Mice were immunized with recombinant human CTGF (rhCTGF).Total RNA was extracted from splenocytes of the immunized mice.Complementary DNA was got by reverse transcription PCR with the extracted RNA.Then the fragment of VH (variable heavy) and VL (variable light) were obtained by PCR.And they were assembled into scFv,which was inserted into phagemids vector PAK100 through SfiIsites.The phagemids containing scFV were transferred into E.coli.XL1-Blue bacterial cells to construct the scFv library to anti-human CTGF.Results Agarose gel clectrophoresis and sequences of phagemids certified that scFv phage display library to anti-human-CTGF was established.Conclusions The establishment of scFv library of anti-human CTGF set a foundation to get anti-human CTGF scFv.

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观察人正常宫颈组织中T细胞的分布、数量,为深入探讨宫颈病变组织、宫颈癌组织中相关T细胞的表达等提供实验资料。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法和图像分析技术,检测人正常宫颈组织中表面分化抗原CD3、CD4、CD8阳性T细胞的分布、数量和表达强度。结果:CD3阳性细胞主要分布于人子宫颈黏膜上皮及近固有层结缔组织内。CD8阳性细胞广泛分布于人子宫颈黏膜固有层结缔组织内。CD4阳性细胞主要分布于人子宫颈黏膜上皮下固有层结缔组织内和宫颈黏膜腺样隐窝周围的结缔组织内。CD4阳性细胞数略高于CD8阳性细胞。结论:人正常宫颈组织中含有一定的比例的CD3、CD4、CD8阳性T细胞。
Objective:To observe distribution and number of T cells in human normal cervical tissue and provide experimental data for further studies like expressions of T cells in cervical lesions and cervical cancer tissues. Methods:The number, distribution and expression intensity of the surface differentiation antigen CD3, CD4, CD8 positive T cells in the normal cervical tissue were detec-ted by immunohistochemical SP technique and computerized imaging analysis system. Results:The CD3 positive cells mainly distribu-ted in the cervical mucosal epithelium and connective tissue above the adjacent lamina propria. The CD8 positive cells widely distribu-ted in the human cervical mucosal lamina propria connective tissue. The CD4 positive cells mainly distributed in the lamina propria connective tissue under the human cervical epithelium and the connective tissue around the cervical mucosa adenoid fossae. The num-ber of CD4 positive cells was higher than that of CD8 positive cells. Conclusions: In the

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目的 了解结缔组织病合并肺栓塞的临床特征,分析其误诊原因.方法 回顾性分析2006年2月至2014年3月阜外心血管病医院住院收治的22例结缔组织病合并肺栓塞患者的临床资料,包括其临床症状、发病特点、实验室检查特征和影像学检查资料并分析漏误诊原因.结果 22例患者中,男12例,女10例;年龄14～ 65岁,平均(36.2±14.2)岁;同时合并下肢深静脉血栓形成12例(54.5％),结缔组织病以抗磷脂抗体综合征14例(63.6％)和贝赫切特综合征4例(18.2％)所占比例较多.胸闷、心悸20例(90.9％),肢体肿胀10例(45.5％)等血栓表现为常见首发症状.实验室检查示红细胞沉降率增快11例(50.0％),C反应蛋白升高8例(36.4％)和自身抗体异常15例(68.2％).肺动脉病变可表现为狭窄闭塞和瘤样扩张.18例(81.8％)合并肺动脉高压,估测肺动脉收缩压(72±20)mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),其中3例肺动脉高压严重程度与肺动脉血栓血管受累范围不匹配.18例因缺乏典型的结缔组织病临床症状和临床医师缺乏诊断意识致入院前漏诊结缔组织病,漏诊率81.8％;3例(13.6％)因临床医师对疾病认识不足而误诊为特发性肺动脉高压.确诊时间中位数是12个月.结论 结缔组织病可以血栓表现为首发症状,部分患者因缺乏典型结缔组织病临床症状而误诊,应引起临床医师重视.
Objective To evaluate the clinical features and reasons of misdiagnosis of connective tissue disease plus pulmonary embolism (PE).Methods The clinical data were reviewed retrospectively for 22 hospitalized patients with connective tissue disease and PE from February 2006 to March 2014.And the features of onset,clinical and laboratory characteristics,imaging tests and causes of misdiagnosis were analyzed.Results There were 12 males and 10 females with an average age of (36.2 ± 14.2) years.And 12 (54.5％) PE patients had concurrent deep venous thrombosis.Antiphospholipid syndrome and Behcet''s disease were the major causes of connective tissue disease.Chest distress,palpitation and extremity swelling were initial symptoms.There were elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (n =11,50.0％),elevated C-reactive protein (n =8,36.4％) and abnormal autoantibody (n =15,68.2％) respectively.Computed tomography showed pulmonary arteries stenosis,occlusion and aneurismal dilation.Eighteen

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目的 探讨慢性结缔组织病患儿家庭照护的体验及感受.方法 采用质性研究中现象学的方法,对30名慢性结缔组织病患儿照护者进行半结构式的访谈,并用Colaizzi分析法进行资料分析.结果 本研究中慢性结缔组织病患儿家庭的照护体验归纳为4个主题:心理负担过重,疾病影响家庭生活,疾病的不确定感、需求社会支持.结论 在研究和关注儿童健康问题的同时,不应忽视家庭照护者所承受的负担及相关问题,并为之提供有效的干预手段,以提高患儿及其照护者的健康水平.
Objective To understand the feeling of family caregiver of children with chronic connective tissue disease (CTD).Methods A semi-structured interview was conducted with 30 family caregivers of children with CTD.Data were analyzed based on Colaizzi''s phenomenological research method.Results The family caregiver''s feelings were classified into four themes,including heavy psychological burden,diseases affecting family life,uncertainty in illness,demands for social support.Conclusions We should neglect the burden and related problems of caregivers when paying attentions to health problems of children,and supply effective intervention measures in order to increase the health level of children and their caregivers.

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以1~18月龄乌珠穆沁羊为研究对象，对其骨骼肌内结缔组织中Ⅰ型胶原蛋白进行提取，并进行纯度鉴定；利用高效液相色谱测定所提取的Ⅰ型胶原蛋白中3种主要氨基酸含量，并依据羟脯氨酸含量计算出Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的含量。结果表明，随着月龄的增加，乌珠穆沁羊骨骼肌内结缔组织中羟脯氨酸、甘氨酸和脯氨酸含量均有缓慢增加的趋势；Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的含量随着月龄的增加而增加（p<0.05）。解析乌珠穆沁羊生长过程中肌内结缔组织中Ⅰ型胶原蛋白含量的变化规律。对进一步研究家畜生长过程中肌内结缔组织中胶原蛋白的性质及其对肉品质的影响起着重要的作用。
Ujumqin sheep, aged from 1 to 18 months, are employed in this study. The type I collagen of intramuscular connective tissues is extracted and the three major amino acids by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) are determined, and then the content of typeⅠcollagen is calculated based on the hydroxyproline. The results show that: the three amino acids contents of intramuscular connective tissues are increased, and the content of typeⅠcollagen is increased with growth in gradually (p<0.05) . The changes of type I collagen in the intramuscular connective tissue during the growth of Ujumqin sheep are analyzed. It is play an important role of further study on the characteristic of intramuscular collagen and the effects of collagen on the meat quality and property during the growth of livestock.

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采用1至18月龄不同生长阶段乌珠穆沁羊为研究对象,对其骨骼肌内结缔组织中提取Ⅲ型胶原蛋白,并进行SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定,利用高效液相色谱测定所提取的Ⅲ型胶原蛋白中三种主要氨基酸含量,并依据羟脯氨酸含量计算出Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的含量,通过SAS软件分析肌内结缔组织中Ⅲ型胶原蛋白随月龄增加的变化规律。结果表明,随着乌珠穆沁羊月龄的增加,骨骼肌肌内结缔组织Ⅲ型胶原蛋白中甘氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著下降(P0.05),羟脯氨酸含量显著增加(P0.05)。Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的含量随着月龄的增加而显著增加(P0.05)。本研究对家畜生长过程中肌内结缔组织中胶原蛋白的性质、以及胶原蛋白对肉品质的影响起重要的作用。
Ujumqin sheep, aged from 1 to 18 months, were employed in this study. The typeⅢcollagen of intramuscular connective tissue was extracted and identified by SDS-PAGE, also three major amino acids were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and then the content of type Ⅲ collagen was calculated based on hydroxyproline. The changes of typeⅢcollagen in intramuscular connective tissue during growth of Ujumqin sheep were analyzed by SAS software. The results showed that the glycine and proline contents in typeⅢcollagen in intramuscular connective tissues were decreased significantly with increasing age of Ujumqin sheep (P < 0.05), whereas the hydroxyproline content was increased significantly (P<0.05). In addition, the content of typeⅢcollagen in intramuscular connective tissues showed a significant increase with the age of Ujumqin sheep (P<0.05).

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目的分析以肺部病变为首发症状的结缔组织病患者的临床特点。方法收集以肺部病变为主的结缔组织病患者43例,回顾性分析其临床资料及诊治情况。结果患者因反复咳嗽、咳痰、发热、渐进性胸闷以及气短等症状就诊,首发症状或者主要症状为肺部表现。43例患者经糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂等治疗后均痊愈出院。结论诊断肺结缔组织病时,应充分结合体格检查、病史、病理学变化以及免疫学检查,并排除其他的系统性疾病,以提高诊断准确率。在治疗中主要予以糖皮质激素治疗,如疗效不佳可加用环磷酰胺等免疫抑制剂,可获得良好预后。
Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations of the patients diagnosed as connective tissue diseases with the lung lesions for the initial symptoms. Methods We analyzed the clinical materials and treatment of 43 patients diagnosed as connective tissue diseases with the lung lesions for the initial symptoms. Results The patients were cured through glucocorticoids and immunosuppressors. Conclusion To improve accuracy of diagnosis of lung connective tissue diseases, physical test,history, we should combine , pathological changes and immunological tests should be combined.And other connective diseases must be distinguished. Glucocorticoids are very important during treatment. If the effects are not good, immunosuppressors can be combined.

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