涪陵榨菜（茎瘤芥）植株绝大部分都可以进行加工，制作成为不同种类的腌菜。为了对比不同榨菜器官的价值，在对榨菜各器官所含的17种元素测定结果中，选取对人体有益的10种必需微量元素，通过主成分分析方法，合理运用SPSS软件进行元素分析，并最终建立相关主成分回归方程，实现主成分对变量的反映，对比榨菜各器官的营养作用具有积极意义，为合理选用榨菜的加工部位提供了科学依据。

The Fuling Zhacai (Brassica juncea var. tumida) plants most of them can be processed, to make in different types of pickles. In order to compare the value of different organs, In the 17 chemical elements determination results of each organs of Fuling Zhacai, choosing 10 essential trace elements which are good for human health, through the method of principal component analysis, make an elements'' analysis by SPSS statistic software reasonably. And the principal component regression equation is set up finally; also the principal components reflect variables in part. The research is of great significance to compare the nutritional function of each organ, and provides a scientific basis for filtering the processing parts of Zhacai.

研究了微波杀菌对袋装低盐榨菜的贮藏品质的影响,选择了微波杀菌功率和时间两个影响因素,通过对袋装低盐榨菜在储藏过程中外观、色泽、总酸及菌落总数等指标进行测定,确定了袋装低盐榨菜微波杀菌的最佳条件为微波功率800W,时间80s。在此条件下,既能杀菌保鲜,又能保证产品的感官特性,为今后微波杀菌在榨菜中的应用提供理论依据。

This paper studied the storage quality of low salt pickled mustard tuber with the microwave ster -ilization.The power and time of microwave sterilization were chosen as the main influence factors .Through a-nalysis of the appearance ,colour and luster ,total acide and aerobic bacterial count to determine the best condi-tions of the storage quality of low salt pickled mustard tuber was:microwave sterilization power 800W,micro-wave sterilization power 80 s.Under this condition , the low salt pickled mustard tuber can be preserved , and have fine senses .This can provide a theoretical basis to the application of microwave sterilization in pickled mustard tuber .

高盐废水中氯离子的存在会严重干扰COD的测定,因此,如何屏蔽氯离子干扰准确测定其COD的难点之一。为研究高盐榨菜废水中更为准确的COD测定方法,实验中采用了2种屏蔽氯离子的方法:硫酸汞屏蔽法和硝酸银屏蔽法,屏蔽后再通过传统回流冷凝法来测定实验模拟配水水样中的COD,并比较两种方法的屏蔽效果。结果表明:硫酸汞屏蔽法的最佳HgSO4/Cl-值为40,此时误差最小,为1.43%,硝酸银滴定法的误差为0.21%,得出硝酸银屏蔽法的屏蔽效果较好;再分别用这两种方法屏蔽榨菜废水中的氯离子后测定其COD值,结果显示两种方法测定的COD相差了20 mg/L,而硫酸汞屏蔽法更适合于榨菜废水中COD的测定。综合以上2种方法的屏蔽特点,采用先用硝酸银滴定氯离子浓度,再添加少量的硫酸汞的联合方法测定榨菜废水中的COD值,结果表明此方法更可靠。

Chlorides in the wastewater with high salt seriously interrupts the determination of chemical oxygen demand(COD).Therefore,chloride mask in wastewater has been an important and difficult issue in recent years. In the present work, experiment design is used for more accurate and precise COD determination method of pickled mustard wastewater.Two methods for masking chloride are adopted:HgSO4 masking method and AgNO3 masking method.After masking chloride,use the traditional reflux digestion method to test COD in the experimental sample.The results show that when the ratio of HgSO4 to Cl- is 40,the chloride mask results in a minimum error of 1.43%,and the minimum error is 0.21%when AgNO3 is used. Obviously,AgNO3 masking method is superior to HgSO4 masking method. However,when these two methods are used in pickled mustard wastewater,there is a COD value difference of 20 mg/L and HgSO4 masking method is more accurate.By considering the characteristics of the two methods above,a combined meth

采用Williams根肿病生理小种鉴别系统，鉴定了采集自湘西南怀化、湘北益阳、湘中株洲和长沙4个地区的十字花科作物大白菜、榨菜、红菜薹和油莱的12份根肿病株的根肿病菌生理小种。鉴定结果表明．目前湖南大白菜根肿病菌为生理小种1号、4号、9号和13号，榨菜根肿病菌为生理小种1号，红菜薹根肿病菌为生理小种4号和9号，油菜根肿病菌为生理小种4号和13号；湘西南怀化大白菜根肿病菌为生理小种1号和13号、榨菜根肿病菌为生理小种1号，湘北益阳红菜薹为生理小种4号，湘中株洲油菜为生理小种4号和13号，湘中长沙大白菜和红菜薹根肿病菌均为生理小种9号。

In the paper, we identified the physiological races of Plasmodiophora brassicae from twelve clubroot plants of four cruciferous crops, Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis), tuber mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida), purple flowering stalk (Brassica campestris L. var. purpurea) and rapeseed (Brassica napus) in four different disease areas, Huaihua, Yiyang, Zhuzhou and Changsha, by using the Williams system. The results showed that there were race 1, 4, 9 and 13 in Chinese cabbage, race 1 in tuber mustard, race 4 and 9 in purple flowering stalk, and race 4 and 13 in rapeseed, and there were race 1 and 13 in Chinese cabbage and race 1 in tuber mustard in Huaihua, race 1 in purple flowering stalk in Yiyang, race 4 and 13 in rapeseed in Zhuzhou, and race 9 in both Chinese cabbage and purple flowering stalk in Changsha.

涪陵非物质文化遗产中有不少代代传承的特殊工艺,有的民间传统工艺不仅在当地享有相当高的声誉,而且对其他区域的技术、文化和经济都曾经发挥过相当大的影响。但在当下,人们的生活方式正在发生着根本性的变化,民间传统工艺的原生态面临着严峻的挑战,有的民间工艺甚至面临着失传的危险。从对涪陵民间传统手工艺的保护角度,提出建立"涪陵非物质文化遗产资源保护与开发集团"、"涪陵非物质文化遗产特色工艺传习所"、"涪陵非物质文化遗产特色工艺品"运营机构、"中国·榨菜生态博物馆"、"中国·榨菜文化博物馆",探讨涪陵非物质遗产保护与发展的途径、方法和措施。

There are various traditional specific crafts in the intangible cultural heritages in Fuling, and some of these crafts are not only well known among local people but have exerted a great influence on the technology, culture and economy of other regions. In present, the ways of life of people are undergoing radical changes and the original ecology of traditional folk crafts faces a serious challenge. Some of the folk crafts are in danger of disappearance. To preserve traditional folk handicrafts, suggestions have been made to establish Group for the Protection and Development of Intangible Cultural Heritage Resources, Particular Technology Training Center for Fuling Intangible Culture, Operating Institute for Particular Artware of Fuling Intangible Cultural Heritage, Ecological Zhacai Museum of Pickled Vegetable in China, Zhacai Cultural Museum in China. Approaches, methods and measures for the protection and development of the intangible cultural heritage in Fuling are also examined.