在电路设计中,接地的重要性众所周知,电子产品的很多问题都与接地的处理密切相关。本文通过对几种典型的接地方法,如PCB接地设计、多板卡系统接地设计、混合信号系统接地设计及取样时钟电路接地设计等进行分析,尽量避免在电路系统的设计过程中因为接地而出现的各种问题。

The importance of grounding technology is well-known in circuit design. A large number of problems with electronic products are closely related to grounding issues. Some typical grounding technologies, such as the PCB grounding technology, the grounding technology of multi-board system, the grounding technology of mixed signal system and the grounding technology of sampling clock circuit, are analyzed so that many problems with grounding technology can be avoided in circuit design.

针对高土壤电阻率地区变电站接地系统的接地电阻很难满足规程要求的问题,结合工程实例讨论了变电站的接地网设计方法。采用先进的接地系统辅助设计工具——CDEGS软件包对高土壤电阻率变电站的接地系统进行设计,接地电阻、接触电位和跨步电位的计算结果证明,该设计方法行之有效。

This paper analyzes the restriction of grounding system design based on the requirements of equipment safety and personal safety,and discusses the limitation of conventional design methods in high soil resistivity regions with a real engineering project.Thereafter,a design method based on the CDEGS design software is proposed.The proposed method is validated by the calculation results of the grounding resistance,contact potential step potential difference.

直流系统是变电站的一个重要组成部分,确保直流系统的可靠运行是保证电网安全、系统稳定运行的重要前提。随着设备的老化,天气潮湿等原因,直流系统接地现象频频出现,严重威胁着直流系统的稳定运行,给电网的可靠运行带来了一定的安全隐患。结合作者查找直流系统接地的事例,对直流系统的接地原因以及防止直流系统接地的措施进行分析,提出了预防直流系统接地的6项措施,为直流系统设计及运行维护提供一定的借鉴作用。

DC system is an important part of substation and an important precondition for safe and stable operation of power grid. In recent years, DC system grounding phenomenon appeared frequently due to aging of equipment and wet weather, which seriously threatens the system stability. Based on the examples of DC system grounding, the paper an-alyzes the causes and prevention measures thereon and puts forward six prevention measures, which can be well ref-erenced by similar projects.

该文介绍了电力系统中压配电网中性点接地方式，对系统中性点不同接地方式的特点进行详细论述和对比。对某单位电力网高压配电系统中性点方式进行了介绍分析。并针对高压配电网中性点不接地供电系统的不断扩大以及系统内电缆馈线回路和电缆总量的不断增加，系统单相接地电容电流也在不断的增加，过大的系统容流在系统发生单相接地故障的情况下对设备安全稳定运行影响越来越大。合理选择电网中性点接地方式，关系到电网运行安全性、可靠性关键的技术问题，文中就电网的中性点接地方式进行分析和探讨，并对某单位6KV-10KV高压配电网接地方式的现状进行分析，对某单位配电网中性点接地方式的选择提出建议。

This paper introduces the power system voltage distribution network neutral grounding the system neutral grounding modes of different characteristics discussed in detail and contrast. Of a unit of electricity grid power distribution systems were in-troduced neutral way analysis. And for high voltage distribution network ungrounded power system, and the system continues to expand cable feeder circuits and cable volume increases, the system single-phase capacitor current is constantly increasing, over-large system volume flow in the system single-phase ground fault occurs in the case of the equipment safe and stable operation of the increasing influence. Reasonable choice of neutral grounding grid, grid operation related to security, reliability key technical issues, the paper on neutral grounding grid analysis and discussion, and a unit 6KV-10KV high voltage distribution network grounding analysis of the status of a unit with neutral grounding mode selection recommendations.

运用基于矩量法的电磁分析软件CDEGS建立高速铁路综合接地系统与弱电系统接地耦合模型，并对其雷电流作用下的冲击响应进行仿真计算，分析支柱遭受雷击时，弱电系统与综合接地系统不同距离、不同土壤电阻率和弱电系统与综合接地系统连接情况对弱电系统和贯通地线雷击特性的影响及其规律。研究结果表明：当弱电系统与综合接地系统不连接时，贯通地线的电压几乎不变；当两者连接时，随着两者距离的增大，弱电系统的电压不断减小，贯通地线的电压不断增大。随着土壤电阻率增大，接地系统的电压幅值不断增大；弱电系统与综合接地系统连接时弱电系统电压比未连接时高，贯通地线的电压比未连接时低。同时，分析不同情况下弱电系统的安全距离大小与规律，得出弱电系统的安全距离随着电阻率的增大而增大，且弱电系统与综合接地系统连接时的安全距离比未连接时的大。

This paper is based on CDEGS software to establish the coupling model of integrated grounding system and weak current grounding system of the high-speed railway,simulate and calculate the impulse response un-der the action of lightning current.When the pillar was striken by lightning,the lightning characteristics and the influencing rules of the weak current system and the wire through earth were analyzed under different distances between the weak current system and integrated grounding system,different soil resistivity and different connec-tion conditions of the weak current system and integrated grounding system.The results show that,when the weak current system and integrated grounding system are not connected,the voltage of the wire through earth is almost the same;while when they are connected,with the increase of the distance,the voltage of weak current system is decreasing,and the voltage of the wire through earth tends to increase.The voltage amplitude of grounding sy