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双语推荐：红棉散

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详细介绍了棉花生长过程中易发生的棉花黄萎病、枯萎病、炭疽病、棉盲蝽、棉铃虫、红铃虫及棉蚜的发生规律和危害症状，并针对各种棉花病虫害提出了相应的农业措施、物理措施、生物措施和化学措施进行治理，为提高棉花产量和品质提供一定依据。
The author introduced the occurrence and damage symptoms of Verticillium wilt of cotton, Fusarium wilt of cotton,cotton bollworm,anthracnose, pink bollwormblight and cotton aphid in detail, which often occurred in the growth process of cotton.Then in order to improve the cotton yield and quality,the author proposed agricultural measures, physical, biological and chemical mea-sures to control different cotton diseases and insect pests.

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目的介绍水枕的设计方法,探讨自制水枕在绝对卧床患者中的应用效果。方法将88例绝对卧床不能自主活动患者分为实验组46例和对照组42例,对照组常规使用棉质枕芯垫于患者受压部位,实验组应用自制水枕垫于患者受压部位,观察两组患者日翻身次数,舒适感和皮肤压红情况。结果实验组患者日翻身平均次数较对照组少,舒适度得分较对照组高,皮肤压红发生率较对照组低,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论应用水枕可有效预防绝对卧床患者压疮的发生,增加患者的舒适度,减少护理人员的工作量。水枕制作简单、使用方便,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To explore the effect of self-made water pillow on absolute bed rest patients.Methods Eight-eight patients were randomly allocated into observation group(n=46)and control group(n=42).The patients in the control group received daily care with conventional cotton pillows which were placed at the compression part, while those in the observation group were treated with newly designed water pillows.Both groups received constant turn-over to avoid pressure sores.The two groups were compared in terms of times of daily turn-over,degree of comfort and rate of skin pressuring red.Results The time of daily turn-over in the observation group was less than that of the control group and the degree of comfort was higher and the rate of skin pressuring red smaller all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of the self-made water pillow can effectively prevent pressure sore,enhance comfort degree of absolute bed rest patients and reduce the workload of n

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背景：尽管温敏性壳聚糖是壳聚糖的一种，但其止血效果、组织相容性及体内代谢吸收情况还需要验证。目的：探讨温敏性壳聚糖止血膜的止血作用、体内降解和组织相容性。方法：取SD大鼠48只，随机均分为4组，同时进行两种实验：①制作肝脏创面出血模型，其中3组分别采用温敏性壳聚糖止血膜、纤维素止血棉和明胶海绵止血材料贴敷大鼠肝创面止血，以不做任何处理的为空白对照。记录出血时间及出血量。②在上述3组大鼠的股四头肌内分别再植入对应的止血材料，空白对照组不植入任何材料。术后1，2，3，4，6周取两处创面行大体观察，术后4周行苏木精-伊红染色和电镜观察。结果与结论：温敏性壳聚糖组、纤维素组止血时间和出血量少于空白对照组、明胶海绵组（P 〈0.05）。温敏性壳聚糖止血膜于术后6周完全降解，纤维素止血棉于术后3周完全降解，明胶海绵于术后2周完全降解。温敏性壳聚糖组肝小叶结构完整，肝细胞结构基本正常，肿胀轻，炎症细胞浸润程度轻，电镜显示整个肝细胞外形结构清楚，细胞核无破损，细胞器良好；肌肉纤维结构完整，炎症细胞浸润程度轻，电镜显示肌纤维走向整齐，肌细胞核形态正常，细胞器良好。可见温敏性壳聚糖止血膜具有较好的止血作用和组织相容性
BACKGROUND:The thermosensitive chitosan is a kind of chitosan, its hemostatic effect, tissue compatibility andin vivo absorption need further investigations. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the hemostasis,in vivo degradation and tissue compatibility of thermosensitive chitosan hemostatic film. METHODS: A total of 48 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, and carried out two experiments at the same time. (1) The incisions of the liver in three groups were covered with the thermosensitive chitosan hemostatic film, celulose hemostatic cotton and gelatin sponge, respectively. Blank control group received no treatment. The bleeding time and bleeding amount were recorded. (2) The incisions of the quadriceps femoris muscle of rats in the above three groups were embedded with the same hemostatic materials respectively. Blank control group was not embedded. At 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 weeks, the incision tissues of the liver and the quadriceps femoris muscle were harvested for observation. A

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目的 角膜异物是眼科门诊常见病,以铁屑、灰沫和植物性异物为多见,附着在角膜表面或嵌入角膜组织,导致患者眼睛红痛、异物感、流泪、畏光.在裂隙灯显微镜下彻底剔除角膜异物,在损伤相对应的睑缘或睑板下沟寻找容易误漏诊的隐匿性眼睑结膜异物,防止误漏诊而使角膜炎迁延不愈.方法 取异物前常规使用倍诺喜滴眼液滴眼1～2次,间隔1～2 min/次,进行表面麻醉.角膜浅表异物可用消毒湿棉签小心擦拭去除.嵌入角膜较深的异物,在裂隙灯下剔除.结果 165例中131例浅层异物1次剔除干净,34例深层异物分次剔除干净,未发生误漏诊的隐匿性眼睑结膜异物,无角膜感染及并发症发生.结论 实施细致的护理工作基础上,加强患者的健康意识和介绍正确的防治方法,把握最佳治疗时机,可以有效地减少角膜异物的发生,达到最好的治疗效果.
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背景 眼外滤过手术一直是治疗青光眼的主要术式,而其术后滤过道瘢痕化是导致青光眼手术失败的主要原因.寻找有效和安全的抗瘢痕药物是抗青光眼滤过手术的研究热点. 目的 探讨羟基喜树碱(HCPT)在小梁切除术中的应用,评价HCPT对结膜下滤过泡的抗增生作用及其最佳剂量. 方法 12 ～16周龄健康新西兰大白兔40只制作抗青光眼滤过手术模型,采用随机数字表法将动物随机分为生理盐水组、丝裂霉素C(MMC)组、0.3 g/L HCPT组及1.0 g/L HCPT组,每组10只,均取右眼行常规小梁切除术,术中在不同组兔眼巩膜表面及巩膜瓣下分别放置含生理盐水、0.3 g/L MMC、0.3 g/L HCPT及1.0 g/L HCPT的棉片5 min.于术后1、4、7、14、21、28 d用Icare眼压计测量眼压；裂隙灯显微镜下观察术眼滤过泡情况以评价各种药物的疗效,球结膜、角膜、前房炎症反应、虹膜周边切口及晶状体混浊情况,加前置镜后观察视网膜情况,以评估药物不良反应.于术后7、14、28 d分别处死3、3、4只动物,取术眼5 mm×5 mm手术区组织,包括球结膜、结膜下组织及巩膜,分别行苏木精-伊红染色及Masson三重染色,比较各种药物的抗纤维组织增生效果.采用Kaplan-Meier分析比较各组兔术眼功能性滤过泡的生存时间.结果各组间实验兔术眼的眼压随着时间的变化明显不同,差异均有统计学意义(F分组=20.79,P=0.00;F时间=85.34,P=0.00；F交互作用=2.13,P=0.01),其中MMC组和1.0 g/L HCPT组术眼术后各时间点的眼压值均明显低于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),生理盐水组和0.3 g/L HCPT组仅能分别维持低眼压至术后第7天和第14天.术后生理盐水组、MMC组、0.3 g/L HCPT组及1.0 g/L HCPT组术眼滤过泡存活时间分别为(11.3±2.8)、(19.5±2.4)、(13.3±2.2)和(20.2±4.5)d,差异有统计学意义(log rank=11.92,P＜0.01),1.0 g/L HCPT组术眼滤过泡存活时间较其他组明显延长.术后7d内,各组术眼滤过泡面积和高度分级的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而术后7、14、28 d,生理盐水组和0.3 g/L HCPT组较1.0 g/L HCPT组与MMC
Background The filtration surgery is the main method of treating glaucoma,which usually fails due to postoperative scarring.The study about application of anti-scarring agents in filtration surgery is a hotspot.Objective This study was to investigate whether topical administration of hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) could be used to prevent postoperative scarring in after experimental glaucoma filtration surgery,and explore its optimal dose.Metbods Trabeculectomy was performed on the right eyes of 40 New Zealand white rabbits to establish the trabeculectomy animal models.The rabbits were then randomized into normal saline solution group,0.3 g/L mitomycin C(MMC) group,0.3 g/L HCPT group and 1.0 g/L HCPT group based on the intraoperative topical drugs using randomized number table method.The different drugs above-mentioned were put beneath the conjunctival flap and scleral flap for 5 minutes during the surgery.The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured before and day 1,4,7,14,21 and 28 after

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