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双语推荐：椎结

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目的：探讨非椎间隙狭窄型峡部裂腰椎滑脱的手术治疗。方法对50例非椎间隙狭窄型峡部裂型腰椎滑脱患者采用短节段固定加椎板、横突间后外侧植骨融合的手术方法进行治疗。结果50例患者症状改善优良率达96％，植骨融合率100％。结论短节段内固定加后外侧植骨融合的手术方法具有手术时间短，不暴露椎管，避免对神经根及硬脊膜的误伤，出血少，费用低等优点。是治疗非椎间隙狭窄型峡部裂腰椎滑脱的一种有效方法。
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of surgical method in the treatment of isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis with non-narrow type of intervertebral disc. Methods 50 patients with non-narrow type of intervertebral disc isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis were treated with short phase fixation and posterolateral fusion of vertebral plate and transverse process. Results The good rate of symptoms improvement was 96%,and the rate of bone graft fusion was 100%. Conclusion The operation of short phase fixation and posterolateral fusion of vertebral plate and transverse pro-cess has advantages of less operative time,non-exposing vertebral canal,avoiding the mortally dam-age of nerve root and the catheter,less blood loss and the low cost,which is a safe and effective operation method for isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis with non-narrow type of intervertebral disc.

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目的比较短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨植钉术与跨节段椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗胸腰椎爆裂或压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法将46例胸腰椎爆裂或压缩骨折患者随机分为2组,分别使用短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨植钉术和跨节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨术治疗。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后Cobb角、伤椎前缘高度压缩率、椎间隙高度丢失、神经功能恢复(Frankel分级)、JOA评分及VAS评分。结果两组患者手术时间和术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后12个月神经功能Frankel分级差异无统计学意义。术后各时间点观察组、对照组Cobb角、各椎间隙高度、VAS评分及JOA评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定结合伤椎植骨植钉术治疗胸腰椎爆裂或压缩骨折能有效恢复并维持伤椎高度,但不能有效地防止相邻节段的退变和后凸畸形矫正度的丢失。
Objective To compare the effects of short-segment pedicle instrumentation with bone grafting and pedicle screw implanting in injured vertebra and cross segment pedicle instru-mentation with bone grafting in injured vertebra for treating thoracolumbar fractures. Methods 46 patients with thoracolumbar fracture were randomly divided into two groups. 23 cases in group A received treatment with short-segment pedicle screw instrumentation with bone grafting and pedicle screw implanting in injured vertebra,and 23 cases in control group received treatment with cross segment pedicle instrumentation with bone grafting in injured vertebra. The operation time, blood loss,Cobb angle,compression rate of anterior vertebral height,loss of disc space height, Frankel grade,VAS and JOA scores were compared between the two groups. Results There were no sig-nificant differences in the operation time and blood loss between two groups (P>0.05). The Cobb angle,compression rate of anterior verterbral height,an

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目的观察椎弓根植骨联合短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗老年胸腰椎骨折的疗效及安全性。方法选取采用椎弓根植骨联合短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗的老年胸腰段骨折病例进行回顾性分析,共纳入56例研究对象。手术前后及随访期间均行X线检查,观察术后植骨情况、并发症发生率及神经功能恢复情况,评估手术前后伤椎椎体前缘高度值、Cobb''s角、椎管内占位变化等。结果手术时间平均为(136±41)min;术中平均出血量(250±61)ml,术后无感染、骨不连等严重并发症。随访时间6~60个月,术后影像学检查伤椎高度、Cobb''s角、椎管内占位较术前获得显著改善(P0.05),术后1周与末次随访时差异无统计学意义。术后ASIA分级与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),神经功能获得1~2级改善。结论短节段椎弓根螺钉内固定可重建脊柱稳定性,椎弓根植骨可填补伤椎复位后的椎体缺损,维持前中后三柱稳定性,是治疗老年胸腰椎骨折的有效方法。
Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of transpedicular intracorporeal grafting combined with posterior short-segment pedicle screw via the injured vertebra to treat thoracolumbar fractures in elderly patients. Methods A total of 56 elderly patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated with transpedicular intracorporeal graft-ing combined with posterior short-segment pedicle screw via the injured vertebra were studied retrospectively. Preop-erative, postoperative and follow-up X-ray were performed to evaluate anterior heights of the injured vertebra (AHIV) and Cobb''s angle, as well, preoperative and postoperative CT scans were taken to measure the sagittal canal diameter (SCD). Postoperative complications and neurofunctional recovery of the spinal cord were evaluated. Results The mean operation time and blooding volume were (136 ± 41) min and (250 ± 61) ml respectively. There was no infec-tion, implant failure or loss of spinal curvatures happened. All cases had been

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目的 探讨经伤椎置钉单椎间椎弓根螺钉复位固定治疗创伤性胸腰椎骨折的远期疗效.方法 对2002年10月至2008年12月收治且随访满5年的144例胸腰椎骨折患者资料进行回顾性分析,男88例,女56例;年龄16 ～ 64岁,平均41.4岁.骨折根据AO-ASIF分型:A型109例,B型25例,C型10例;神经功能根据Frankel分级:E级37例,D级78例,C级18例,B级11例.均采用经伤椎置钉单椎间复位固定.比较术前、术后1周及末次随访时胸腰痛的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、伤椎压缩率、cobb角、椎间隙高度及伤椎滑移距离. 结果 所有患者术后获60～120个月(平均77.3个月)随访,手术时间平均为75 min,术中出血量平均为115 mL.术后1周和末次随访时VAS评分[(3.9±1.7)分和(2.3±1.1)分]、伤椎压缩率(20.1％±10.2％和22.7％±5.9％)、cobb角(5.1°±3.2°和7.8°±2.5°)、椎间隙高度[(7.6±1.1)mm和(6.8±1.6) mm]及伤椎滑移距离[(1.1±0.8)mm和(1.0±0.6)mn]与术前[(7.6±2.1)分、58.9％±6.8％、17.5°±3.1°、(4.7±2.1)mm、(3.5±1.4)mm)]比较均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),末次随访时各指标与术后1周比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后神经功能分级较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.752,P=0.033). 结
Objective To evaluate the long-term outcomes of monosegmental transpedicular fixation for thoracolumbar fractures.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 144 cases of thoracolumbar fracture who had been treated and followed up for more than 5 years by our department.They were 88 men and 56 women,aged from 16 to 64 years (average,41.4 years).According to AO-ASIF classification,109 cases were type A,25 type B and 10 type C.By the Frankel classification,37 cases were rated as grade E,78 as grade D,18 as grade C,and 11 as grade B.They were all treated with monosegmental transpedicular fixation.The visual analogue scale (VAS),vertebral compression rate,cobb angle,intervertebral space,and spondylolisthesis of the fractured vertebra were compared between preoperation,one week postoperation and the last follow-up.Results They were followed up for 60 to 120 months (average,77.3 months).The mean operation duration and intraoperative blood loss were 75 minutes and 115 mL,respectively.There

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目的探讨短尾万向及长尾单向椎弓根螺钉复位内固定系统结合椎体间植骨融合治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症的临床效果。方法 2010年6月至2012年1月郑州市骨科医院采用短尾万向及长尾单向椎弓根螺钉复位内固定系统结合椎体间植骨融合治疗74例峡部裂型腰椎滑脱症患者,术后3、6个月行腰椎CT平扫+二维重建检查,评价滑脱复位、椎间隙高度和植骨融合情况;术后6个月采用Beaujon功能评分(BFS)进行疗效评估。结果手术时间90~135 min(平均112 min),出血量300~750 mL(平均420 mL)。术中未发生马尾、神经根损伤,1例出现硬脊膜撕裂继发脑脊液漏。所有患者获有效随访,随访时间6~12个月,平均随访时间8.1个月。术后3、6个月滑脱椎体复位率和植骨融合率分别为(93±5)%、(91±4)%和81%、100%;术后6个月BFS较术前明显改善(P0.05),BFS好转率为(79±4)%,优51例、良16例、中6例、差1例,优良率为91%(67/74)。随访期间滑脱复位程度和椎间隙高度无明显丢失。结论短尾万向及长尾单向椎弓根螺钉复位内固定系统结合椎体间植骨融合治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症,植骨融合率高,并发症少,滑脱复位满意。
Objective To discuss the clinical effects of operative treatment of lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis (LIS) with short-tail multiaxial and long-tail uniaxial pedicle screw system combined with intervertebral bone grafting. Methods Clinical data of 74 LIS patients were collected, who were treated in Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital by posterior decompressive laminectomy, short-tail multiaxial and long-tail uniaxial pedicle screw fixation combined with intervertebral bone grafting from June 2010 to January 2012. Lumbar CT scanning + 2D reconstruction were performed at 3, 6 months postoperatively to evaluate intervertebral height, the effects of spondylolisthesis reduction as well as fusion; Beaujon functional score (BFS)was recorded at 6 months after the surgery. Results The operation time was 90-135 min with the average of 112 min, the estimate blood loss was 300-750 ML with the average of 420 mL. Equina, nerve root injury had not happened during the operation, while cerebrospinal fluid lea

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观察非化脓灸治疗慢性阑尾炎的临床疗效。方法:观察组38例采用非化脓灸(主穴:天枢、合谷、手三里、阑尾穴、上巨虚;配穴:发热加大椎、曲池,呕吐加上脘、内关,便秘加腹结)。对照组38例单纯应用抗感染药物(甲硝唑、头孢曲松钠)治疗。结果:观察组总有效率92.11%,对照组总有效率81.58%,两组差异显著(P0.05)。结论:运用传统的非化脓灸方法治疗慢性阑尾炎效果显著,具有较好的临床应用价值。
Objective:To observe clinical efficacy of moxibustion for chronic appendicitis. Methods:38 patients with moxibustion. In control group 38 cases took anti-infective drugs solo (metronidazole, ceftriaxone). Results:The total efficiency of 92.11%for treatment group, in the control group the total efficiency of 81.58%, the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Traditional moxibustion treatment for chronic appendicitis has significant effects.

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研究正常志愿者和腰骶管狭窄患者腰骶脊神经根(lumbar sacral nerve roots,LSNR)的磁共振扩散加权成像(diffusion weighted imaging,DWI)特征。方法:对20例正常志愿者和31例腰骶管狭窄患者,行腰骶椎常规扫描和DWI扫描,测量腰3~骶1水平脊膜囊的面积,重建DWI最大强度投影(maximum intensity projection,MIP)图像,并测量LSNR和脊神经结的表面弥散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)。结果 :正常组DWI的MIP显示196条(98%)LSNR呈对称性向外下方走行和200个边缘清晰的脊神经节。病变组T1WI和T2WI显示74条脊神经受压变形,DWI的MIP图像显示59条(80%)脊神经根变形、变细。正常组和病变组LSNR的ADC值分别为(1.70±0.40)×10-3mm2/s和(1.98±0.57)×10-3mm2/s,(P=0.000);正常组和病变组脊神经结的ADC值分别为(1.42±0.21)×10-3mm2/s,(1.54±0.53)×10-3mm2/s,(P=0.000)。结论:DWI的MIP直观显示正常和异常脊神经根和脊神经结的走行和形态,受压脊神经和脊神经结的ADC值较正常增高。
Objective To explore the characteristics of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) of lumbar sacral nerve roots (LSNR)in normal and degenerative lumbosacral vertebrae. Methods The research recruited 20 normal volunteers and 31 patients with spinal stenosis on conventional MRI and DWI scans in lumbosacral spine. We measured the areas from lumbar 3 to sacral 1 at the intervertebral spaces and reconstructed the 3D maximum intensity projection (MIP) and counted the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)of LSNR and ganglions. Results In the control group, 196 (98%) LSNR ran symmetrically and lateroinferiorly and 200 ganglions were well defined on MIP of DWI. In the patients group, 74 LSNR showed changes of compression on both T1WI and T2WI, in which DWI appeared thin and distorted in 59 (80%). The ADC value of LSNR were(1.70 ± 0.40)× 10-3 mm2/s and(1.98 ± 0.57) × 10-3 mm2/s separately in normal volunteers and patients (P=0.000), while the ADC values of ganglions were(1.42 ± 0.21)× 1

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森林发展类型是以森林经营的经济需求和技术可行性相结合的森林经营模式。设计未来森林目标、树种选择和经营措施是森林经营设计中亟待解决的重要技术环节。采用多物种方差比值(VR),χ2检验,Pearson相关系数和Spearman秩相关系数以及Ochiai指数,Dice指数,Jaccard指数和AC联结系数对20个人工林优势种进行种间关联分析。结果表明:种对间的极显著正相关种对数比例较小,群落正处在演替早期阶段;马尾松和红椎、大叶栎的种对间有显著正联结,正联结的种对数较少且程度相对较弱,其余种对无联结或不显著的正、负联结居多。以种间联结为指标来量化树种搭配配置,通过树种结构调整、乡土珍贵树种选择,设计科学的混交种植经营模式,以期实现多样化、高价值和稳定的人工林格局。
The interspecific associations of tree species into forest management planning models have be-come increasingly important in sustainable forest management.Tree selection is one of the important fac-tors of designing forest management plans.In order to study the interspecific associations of tree species affecting the adaptation of plant communities in the process of forest management,we survey 238 sample plots’data on Masson pine plantation forest in Guangxi Province.A series of techniques including the VR analysis,χ2 -test,Pearson correlation coefficient test,Spearman rank correlation coefficient test and Ochiai were used together to analyze the interspecific associations of dominant species.The results indica-ted that the dominant populations had general positive interspecific association,but the species pairs with significant positive associations were only ten percent of the total 190 species pairs,and most of the spe-cies pairs showed weak interspecific association.The

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目的：探讨儿童原发性椎间盘炎的临床特点及诊治方法。方法研究对象为2008年7月至2011年7月我们收治的儿童原发性椎间盘炎患儿，观察治疗前后临床特点、实验室检查结果、X线平片、CT扫描及三维重建、核磁共振扫描结果、诊断与鉴别诊断依据，并进行比较分析。结果共收治3例原发性椎间盘炎患儿，1例以腰椎结核收入院。体温升高、血沉增快、椎间隙狭窄、CT扫描椎体不同程度的虫蚀样骨质破坏及MRI扫描临近锥体T1加权像呈对称性带状低信号，而T2加权像呈对称性带状高信号是本组病例的共同特征。MRI检查对诊断有重要价值，可作早期诊断，经严格卧床休息、支具固定及抗炎治疗，3例患儿临床症状消失，体温、血沉、C-反应蛋白均正常，MRI复查提示椎间盘及临近椎体异常强化信号消失。平均随访2．5年，无复发。结论早期明确诊断，早期治疗，能缩短病程，是治疗本病的关键。
Objetive To study the clinical characteristics and medical treatments of primary discitis. Methods Compare and analyze the children with primary discitis received in the hospital from July 2008 to Ju-ly 201 1 through observing the clinical features,the laboratory results,X-ray films,CT scanning &three di-mensional reconstruction,MRI results as well as diagnosis before and after the medical treatments. Result-s Three cases of primary discitis were received and cured.Among the three cases,one child was received with spinal tuberculosis.The increasing temperature,rising erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),narrow interver-tebral disc space,various moth-eaten bone destruction on centrum by CT scanning,as well as MRI scanning near vertebral T1 weighted image showing symmetrical banded low signal while T2 weighted image showing sym-metrical banded high signal were the main features of these cases.The MRI checks played important roles in the early diagnosis.By resting in bed,external fixation

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目的：探讨过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体-β（peroxisome proliferater activated receptors-beta，PPAR-β）对脊髓损伤（spinal cord injury，SCI）大鼠脊髓组织及运动功能的影响。方法45只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组（Sham组）、脊髓损伤组（SCI组）和PPAR-β受体激动剂GWO742治疗组（GWO742组）。Sham组大鼠仅做椎板切除术不损伤脊髓组织，GWO742组和SCI组大鼠分别采用改良Allens打击法制作SCI模型，并于术后1h开始分别通过腹腔注射同等剂量0.3mg/（kg＆#183;d）的PPAR-β受体激动剂GWO742和生理盐水。各组大鼠分别于术后1、3、7、14、21d随机抽取大鼠行BBB评分；术后24h随机抽取大鼠10只，处死取脊髓组织行HE染色观察脊髓组织病理变化，TUNEL法染色检测细胞凋亡。结果 BBB评分结果显示，术后3、7、14、21d，GWO742组大鼠较SCI组大鼠BBB评分高，且差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；HE染色结果显示SCI组大鼠脊髓组织充血、水肿、损伤中心区出现液化坏死并伴有炎性细胞浸润，GWO742组大鼠脊髓出血、坏死范围及炎性细胞浸润明显轻于SCI组；TUNEL染色显示伤后24h，SCI组和GWO742组损伤脊髓组织均可发现TUNEL阳性细胞，而GWO742组TUNEL阳性细胞数明显少于SCI组（P〈0.05）。结
Object To investigate the effect of PPAR-βon spinal cord and hind limb motor function in rats with spinal cord injury(SCI). Method 45 SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of sham(sham operated),SCI(SCI model ) and GWO742(treated with PPAR-βagonist GWO742).The rats in the Sham group were only performed laminectomy without spinal cord contusion. In group SCI and GWO742,SCI model was estalbished by a modified Allen`s method.1 hour after operation,rats in group GWO742 and SCI were administered GWO742(0.3 mg/kg i.p. bolus) and saline(0.3mg/kg i.p. bolus) respectively once a day. The spinal cord function of rats were evaluated using BBB scales at 1,3,7,14,21 day past injury;Rats were sacrificed at 24h after operation. The 1esion areas of the spinal cord were dissected for morphological studies by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cell apoptosis was examined using the Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Result Behavioral score of the GWO

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