20世纪60年代起,人们发现了许多有关桡足类摄食纤毛虫的直接或间接的证据.20世纪70年代,有人在实验室内培养纤毛虫并开展桡足类对其清滤率的研究,结果表明桡足类对纤毛虫的清滤率为0.1-58.1 mL/(ind.·h).桡足类对纤毛虫的摄食方式有多种,包括伏击摄食和通过游泳过滤海水中的纤毛虫等.有的纤毛虫有逃避摄食的行为.20世纪80年代末,自然状况下桡足类群体对自然饵料中纤毛虫的摄食得到了研究,结果表明桡足类对纤毛虫的清滤率多数情况下低于40mL/(ind.·h).实验室内和自然海区的研究都表明,与浮游植物相比,桡足类倾向于选择摄食纤毛虫.根据现场测定的清滤率和桡足类丰度估计自然海区桡足类对纤毛虫的摄食压力的大部分研究结果表明,桡足类群体对纤毛虫生物量的摄食压力大约为每天5％.这些自然海区的研究多集中在近岸区域,需要加强对大洋浮游桡足类摄食纤毛虫的研究.

Since the 1960s,marine planktonic-copepods has been found to ingest ciliates indicated by direct or indirect evidence.In 1970s,clearance rates on ciliates were studied in laboratory,and were revealed between 0.1 and 58.lmL/(ind.·h) in most cases.Different copepods have different ways to graze on ciliates,including ambush feeding and suspension feeding.Some ciliates have predator-deterrent strategies such as jumping Studies on copepods predation on the ciliates in situ began in 1980s.Those studies showed that the clearance rates were below 40mL/(ind..h).Copepods clearance rates on ciliates were higher than that on phytoplankton,which suggests that copepods may feed selectively on ciliates.The grazing pressure can be estimated in the clearance rate and copepod abundance in situ.Grazing pressure was about 5％ per day in most cases.Most of previous studies were conducted in coastal areas or in laboratory.Copepod grazing on ciliates in oligotrophic oceanic waters remains poorly u

目的探讨疑似孢子丝菌病患者的脓汁和新鲜组织标本培养的阳性率和培养时间.方法对89例临床疑似孢子丝菌病的患者分别进行脓汁培养、组织培养及病理组织学检测,并对孢子丝菌病患者的病原体进行鉴定.结果脓汁培养、组织培养及组织病理检测阳性率分别为85.39%,79.78%,93.54%.阳性判读脓汁培养时间平均4.6 d,组织培养平均6 d,组织病理一般需要3~5 d.结论脓汁培养阳性率高于组织培养,而且脓汁培养周期比组织培养时间短,脓汁培养优于组织培养,对于孢子丝菌病的诊断具有重要临床意义.

Objective To explore the positive rate and culture time of pus and fresh tissue of patients with sporothichosis. Method 89 sporothricosis patients were carried on pus and fresh tissue culture and histopathology inspection,the pathogen of patients with sporothichosis were identified. Results The positive rate of pus culture, tissue culture and histopathology inspection are 85. 39%,79. 78%,93. 54% respectively. The average positive interpretation time of pus culture were 4. 6 days,6 days of average tissue culture,histopathology usually in 3 ~5 days. Conclusion The positive rate of pus culture is higher than that of tissue culture. Cultivation cycle of pus culture is shorter than that of tissue culture. The pus culture is superior to the tissue culture and has important significance for the diagnosis of sporotrichosis.

创新高校口腔本科学生培养方式,提高人才培养质量。方法:对相邻两个年级的学生采取不同的培养模式,通过素质考核结果及学生个人体验调查分析培养效果。结果:按照创新培养模式培养的学生,在就业质量率及就业质量、考研率、文献检索能力及临床技能水平等多方面较传统培养模式培养的学生,有明显提高。结论:培养模式创新有利于口腔本科学生的培养。

Purpose: to innovation the oral way of undergraduate students in colleges and universities, improve the quality of personnel training. Methods: the adjacent two grade students take different cultivation mode, through quality inspection result and analysis of students'' personal experience investigation training effect. Results: according to the innovative cultivation mode of students, the quality of employment rate and employment quality, the rate of one''s deceased father grind literature retrieval ability and the level of clinical skills is aspects of the traditional cultivation mode of students, there are obviously improved. Conclusion: the training mode innovation is beneficial to the development of the oral undergraduate students.

创新创业能力培养是高等教育研究的热点。本文重点从创新创业能力培养的重要性、培养的途径、培养实施过程中遇到的问题、完善培养的措施等方面来研究地方师范类本科院校大学生创新创业能力培养问题。

The cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial abili-ty is a hot topic in higher education research. This paper focuses on the cultivation of local normal college students'' innovative and entrepreneurial ability mainly from the importance of cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial ability, the ways of cultivation, the problems existing in the cultivation, and measures to perfect the cultivation.

发展现代农业必须培养职业农民。文章简述了规模化农业生产经营、发展现代农业和促进农村劳动力充分就业,需要大力培育职业农民;分析了在国家强农惠农富农政策力度不断加大、WTO绿箱政策允许、阳光工程全面转型以及从事务农收入逐步提高,使职业农民培养成为可能,强调指出在职业农民培养中只有找准培养对象、培养方式科学、培养内容有针对性、培养形式灵活多样、采用先进的培养手段,并且要切实提高认识,正确处理好培养数量和质量、培养与使用的关系,同时要营造良好的社会氛围,才能加快培养数以千万计的职业农民。

The development of Modern Agriculture must train the professional farmers. This paper introduced large-scale agricultural production and management, modern agriculture development and promoting the full employment of rural labors need to make great efforts to train professional farmers. It analyzed that training professional farmers becomes possible under the intensified national policies on strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers and enriching rural areas, the Green Box policies of WTO and the gradually increased income of farmers. It emphasized that during the training process we should not only identify the training objects, scientific methods of training, targeted training content, flexible and diverse forms of training, advanced training means, but also improve understanding effectively, correctly handle the relationship between quality and quantity, training and using. At the same time, create a good social atmosphere, in order to accelerate the training of hundreds of mill