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双语推荐:朱元璋

在元末农民战争中,明太祖朱元璋起兵"淮西"地区,历经二十余载的南征北战,建立明朝,统一全国。在此期间,"淮西功臣集团"为朱元璋出谋划策,运筹帷幄,决胜千里之外,立下了汗马功劳。在集万千宠爱于一身后,"淮西功臣集团"被朱元璋彻底铲除。"淮西功臣集团"的兴起,发展到灭亡的过程,折射出历代开国元勋相同的发展轨迹。
In the peasant war at the end of the Yuan dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang arised at“Huai Xi”. He established the Ming dynasty, unified the country after 20 years of fighting. During this period,"Huai Xi hero group"gave good advices and designed strategygs for Zhu Yuan zhang so that they helped him win thousands of miles away and made excellent contributions.After enjoyed thousands of pet,"Huai Xi hero group"was rooted out by Zhu Yuan zhang, From"Huai Xi hero group"production,development to death,we can see that there is the same trajectory as histroical founding father of a country.

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通过对卢熊生平的考察,可见卢熊的政治态度在元、张士诚、朱元璋三政权间的灵活变化;对其死因的辨析,可知卢熊的直接死因是其在工部、中书省任职期间,违规接受官没妇女而牵涉"胡惟庸案",获罪而死,与朱元璋对苏州文人的暴虐严苛态度亦有关系。
The conclusion can be drawn that Lu Xiong’s political attitude was changeable among the regime of Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shicheng and Ming Dynasty by the investigation into all his life. The direct cause leading to Lu Xiong’s death was that he was involved in to the “Hu Weiyong Case” when he worked in Gong Bu and Zhong Shu Sheng. His death was also related to Zhu Yuanzhang’s cruel attitude to Suzhou’s intellectuals.

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朱元璋认为廉政建设关系国家的生死存亡,因此,他高度重视廉政建设,采取了教育、法制、监督三管齐下的对策和措施,取得了较好的廉政效果。
Zhu Yuanzhang thinks the relations between the two countries in building a clean and honest government of vital importance, therefore, he attaches great importance to building an honest and clean government, education, law, supervision and take countermeasures and measures of three pronged, achieved the good effect.

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朱元璋推翻蒙元政权后,为了完成全国统一,巩固明朝统治,在其"内华外夷"、"华夷同体"的民族观指导下制定和推行了军事征伐、怀柔恩抚、战略防御的对蒙政策,这些政策对削弱和遏制故元顽固势力,争取大多数蒙古部众,恢复和发展社会经济都具有重大意义和作用。
After overthrowing the tyranny of the Yuan Dynasty, in order to complete national unity and consolidate the Ming gov-ernment, under his outlook on nationality, Zhu Yuanzhang im-plemented such Mongolia policy as military conquest, conciliation and strategic defense, which are of great significance to weaken the Yuan diehards, win the support of Mongolian people and de-velop social economy.

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《典故纪闻》的史料价值较高,其中部分内容反映出朱元璋的军事教育思想。概括起来,它主要包括常修武备,勿穷兵黩武;重视文人,选将智勇兼备;爱护士卒,常有仁义之心;严肃军纪,避免骄奢淫逸等四个方面。
Record of Allusions in the Ming Dynasty has great value in its rich historical material, part of which reflects Zhu Yuanzhang’s thoughts of military education. In general, these thoughts include repair-ing weapons and equipment often and preventing being militant; valuing scholars and choosing generals both good at military affairs and literature learning; caring each soldier with benevolence and righteousness; and being strict on military disciplinarian to prevent extravagant and dissipated.

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明朝建立后,为了彻底剿灭北元残元势力,朱元璋多次派兵北征蒙古。在对蒙作战的时间和地点选择上,明军进行了精心布置,体现出鲜明的季节性和地域性特征,其时空分布主要依据明军战略任务的阶段性变化而变化,反映了洪武时期明蒙关系及其演变过程中的诸多重要问题。
After the Ming Dynasty is established, in order to completely destroy the Northern Yuan residual forces, the emperor sent troops repeatedly North levy Mongolia and Mongolia combat choose the time and place were carefully arranged on its spatial and temporal distribution of the main attack targets based on changes in the Ming Dynasty the change reflects the distinctive regional char-acteristics time.This is the proper knowledge and understanding of this period Relation between Ming Dynasty and its changes in the related issues of great significance and inspiration .

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桂林王城是桂林这座历史文化名城的核心,是桂林的文脉与武脉之所在。桂林是除了南京之外又一个有着"石头城"美誉的军事重镇,积淀了深厚的历史文化底蕴。元顺帝妥欢铁木尔登基之前,曾在王城独秀峰下居住;从明太祖朱元璋侄孙朱守谦受封靖江王起,前后共有14位靖江王在此居住;1921年底,孙中山大总统以桂林王城为大本营,拟定北伐事宜,并在此举行了中华民国新国旗(青天白日旗)的升旗典礼。
Jingjiang Prince Villa is the core of the historical and cultural of Guilin city. Guilin has the reputa-tion with a"stone town"as a military town in addition to Nanjing, it accumulated a profound historical cul-ture. Emperor Shun of Yuan Dynastyan was living here alone under the Duxiu Mountain before he began to reign; From Zhu Shouqian (Zhu Yuanzhang ’s grandnephew) was awarded the Jingjiang King, total of 14 kings lived here;At the end of 1921, President Sun Zhongshan formulated the northern expedition, and held the new flag-raising ceremony of the republic of China here.

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洪武十四年(1381年),朱元璋派三将军率兵入滇,次年平定云南,接着在云南少数民族地区实行卫所制度,使军屯经济迅速发展,大量汉族人口迁入,导致滇黔彝族聚居区的社会状况发生了根本性变化.大量彝族由坝区迁入山区,逐渐形成散居局面.文章通过查阅相关文献资料,对明朝时期滇黔两省彝族由聚居变为散居的原因作出全面分析.
Hongwu Fourteen of Ming Dynasty (1381), Zhu Yuan-zhang sent three army generals into Yunnan, and Yunnan having pacified the following year, followed by the Weisuo system in ethnic minority areas in Yunnan, so Military Farming economic rapid development, a large number of Han nationality population entered, resulting the residence social situation of Yi people in Yunnan and Guizhou changed fundamentally. Yi people moved into the mountains by a large dam, gradually formed scattered situation. By consulting relevant literatures in this paper, a comprehensive analysis already makming which the reason of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces by the Yi during the Ming Dynasty into scattered.

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面对明初西北边疆和西域地区多未归附的局势,明太祖朱元璋秉持"推诚待人,恩威并施"的理念,分别采取了怀柔招抚、"断匈奴右臂"、朝贡贸易等政策,逐渐完成了对西北边疆地区的控制和战略部署,取得了积极的效果。但是,迫于明朝当时国力有限和周边军事压力,明太祖对西域地区未能施加有效管理和有力影响,造成帖木儿王朝势力做大,给明朝西北边疆安全带来巨大威胁。
The Ming emperor ZHU Yuanzhang used the idea of “implementing sincerity , incentives and penalties at the same time” when the tribes in Northwest Frontier and Western Regions did not submit to Ming voluntarily .He adopted the following policies such as the policy of mollification , “ cutting off Huns’ arm”, and tribute trade to complete gradually the control and strategic arragement of Northwest Frontier region , and achieved positive results .However , the Ming emperor ZHU Yuanzhang failed to ex-ert effective management and powerful influence in the Western Regions because of the limited economic strength and military pressure from surrounding nations .All of these led to Timur dynasty becoming stron-ger and threating the Northwest Frontier of Ming .

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朱元璋旌表为"江南第一家"的浦江郑氏家族,因其系统的治家思想和传世家训《郑氏规范》而被世人熟知。《郑氏规范》所体现的家庭管理思想,包括精细的家庭分工、勤俭持家的家庭理财思想、睦邻济贫的济世情怀以及为家族长远发展考虑的忧患意识等,对古代家庭管理思想研究,乃至今天的家庭管理、人际交往、居家理财、为人处世等,及扩展至社会和谐气氛的构建等方面都具有深远的意义。
The Zheng’s Family was awarded by Zhu Yuanzhang“the first family in the south part of China,because its systematic family managing ideas and ever lasting family instructions in Zheng’s Norm were known to the world.The domestic management thought inZheng’s Norm includes fine fami-ly housework division,financial management ideas of a thrifty family,good relationship with neighbors and financial support giving to poor neighbors,and awareness of unexpected situation for the family long-term development,researches on ancient families''management thought,and the present day fam-ily management,interpersonal communications,family financial plan and family members’good manners etc.,which has a great significance in the construction of the harmonious atmosphere of a society.

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