“道教文化养生”就是一切有益于健康生活的文化资源向道教养生理论与实践技术转化的综合形态。作为一种学说与实践技术，道教文化养生的形成与发展与道教组织形态同步。将近五千年来，道教先后经历了三大形态：元初道教、古典道教、制度道教。这三大形态的道教都充分运用传统文化资源，建构养生理论，开展养生实践。其代表性的养生体式有：斋醮养生、金丹养生、伦理养生、治世养生、文艺养生、环境养生。

“Cultural regimen in Taoism”means an integrated form that all cultural resources beneficial to healthy life transfer to regimen theory and practical technology.Both theoretical and practical,the for-mation and development of the cultural regimen was in line with Taoist organization form.In the past five thousand years,Taoism has experienced three different forms:original Taoism,classical Taoism and sys-tematic Taoism.All the three Taoism fully used traditional culture resources,constructed the theory of reg-imen and carried it out.Representative restorative postures include Zhaijiao regimen,Jindan regimen,ethics regimen,governance regimen,literature regimen,environment regimen and so on.

[目的]总结明代养生学的成就与特点。[方法]利用文献学研究方法,通过广泛阅读明代养生学相关著作,总结这一时期养生学成就与特点。[结果]明代养生学著作明显增多,内容简析明了,通俗易懂;养生偏重于养命门;防重于治,食疗养生日渐兴盛;图文并茂,气功养生广为流传;批判各种迷信鬼神说,倡导科学养生。[结论]明代医家继承发展了历代医家的养生学方法,并进一步将养生理念与实践有机结合,大大丰富和完善了中医养生学的内容。

[Objective] Summarize the development achievements and characteristics of the science health in Ming Dynasty. [Methods]Use the research methods of philology, through reading the health science related works extensively, summarize the development achievements and characteristics of the science health during the period. [Results] ①The health science related works increased significantly, the content is simple and clear, easy to understand;②The Health Science emphases on keeping the life-gate;③Prevention is more important than treatment, the therapeutic health is growing prosperity;④Il ustrations, Qigong health spread far and wide;⑤To criticize al kinds of superstition spirits, advocate scientific health preservation. [Conclusion] Ming Dynasty physicians inherited and developed the ancient physicians health preserving methods, and further, combined the health concept and practice organical y, enriched and improved the content of the science of traditional Chinese medicine greatly.

本文探讨健身和养生结合健康促进模式的必要性和可行性，健康包括身体健康、心理健康和良好的社会适应能力，健身包括广义的健身和狭义的健身，养生包括主动养生和被动养生；健身与养生结合可以实现健身和养生叠加效果，减少运动损伤，实现个人、商家、国家利益最大化，健身与养生结合健康促进模式具有必要性及可行性。

This paper explores the feasibility and necessity of health promotion mode of fitness and health maintenance, health including physical health, mental health and good social adaptation ability, fitness including the generalized and narrow sense of fitness, health maintenance including active and passive part;fitness combined with health maintenance can strengthen the effect of fitness and health maintenance, reduce sports injury, re-alize the benefit maximization of individuals, merchants and country, it is necessary and feasible for health promotion mode of fitness and health maintenance.

中国有文字记载的饮食养生思想源于彭祖,其饮食养生的理念及方法在后世编撰的诸多著述中都有所归纳与总结,概括来说,阴阳平衡、五味调和是其饮食养生的哲学思想,顺时养生、遵循自然是其饮食养生的基本原则,食饮有节、定时定量是其饮食养生的指导原则,重工艺、调和滋味是其饮食养生精髓所在,药食同用、合理配伍是其饮食养生、调理机体的重要方式。研究彭祖饮食养生文化,对当今社会民众饮食健康具有重要借鉴价值。

The written history of dietary regimen dated back to Pengzu,whose dietary philosophies and strate-gies have been recorded and summarized in a number of classical books. Generally speaking,his philosophy on diet stresses balance between yin and yang and harmony of five tastes. Emphasis on cooking methods and bal-anced tastes are the core of his theories,and his approaches to maintain health are utilizing the medical proper-ties of different foods and medical materials and coordinating the functions of different kinds of medicine. Re-search on Pengzu''s dietary regimen will provide valuable references for healthy diets of modern people.

传统养生体育课程在高校的开设具有重要的价值，能满足大学生多样化选课需求，丰富体育课程内容；能增强大学生终身锻炼的技能和意识；促进传统养生体育学的现代发展和传承；更有利于提高大学生传统文化素养，弘扬民族体育养生文化。通过普通高校传统养生体育课程存在的问题的分析，提出了体育教育主管部门要全面正确地把握传统养生体育观，对传统养生体育内容体系的现代化改造，对传统养生体育课程体系进行建构的开发及优化对策。

Traditional health university sports curriculum has opened an important value, to meet the needs of college enrollment diverse, rich sports curriculum; college lifelong exercise can enhance the skills and awareness; promotion of traditional sports and health development of modern science and heritage; more conducive enhance the traditional university student literacy, promote national sports culture of health. By analyzing the traditional health college PE course the problems put forward by the competent departments of physical education to fully grasp the correct concept of traditional health sports for sports content to modernize traditional health system, the traditional health system for physical education curriculum development and construction optimization Strategies.